Alert Digest No. 1 of 2000#
29 February 2000

Summary of Committee Comments

Audit (Amendment) Act 1999
Crimes at Sea Act 1999
Essential Services (Year 2000) Act 1999
Federal Courts (State Jurisdiction) Act 1999
Freedom of Information (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1999
Gas Industry (Amendment) Act 1999
Health Practitioners (Special Events Exemption) Act 1999
Legal Practice (Amendment) Act 1999
Local Government (Best Value Principles) Act 1999
Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre (Amendment) Act 1999
Parliamentary Committees (Amendment) Act 1999
Police Regulation (Amendment) Act 1999
Public Prosecutions (Amendment) Act 1999
Rail Corporation and Transport Acts (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1999
Regional Infrastructure Development Fund Act 1999
Water (Waterway Management Tariffs) Act 1999

Appendix 1 - Index of Acts and Bills 2000
Appendix 2 - Summary of Comments classified by Terms of Reference

Audit (Amendment) Act 1999

1.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA with the Honourable John Thwaites MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 14 December 1999.

1.2

The purpose of this amending Act is to provide for the appointment of the Auditor-General under Part V of the Constitution Act 1975 (the Constitution), to amend the Audit Act 1994 (the Act) with respect to the functions and powers of the Auditor-General, to repeal the Audit (Amendment) Act 1997, to make consequential amendments to other Acts.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

In amending this Act, two basic principles have been applied: ensuring the independence of the Auditor-General from executive direction, and establishing a transparent accountability framework for the Auditor-General. It is important that the Auditor-General be accountable for the performance or exercise of the functions, duties and powers attached to the office, and for the public resources applied in the process. A balance must be kept so that the accountability framework does not compromise the independence of the office.

The Auditor-General has been consulted on the development of these amendments. Some further amendments that have been suggested by the Auditor-General will need to be considered at a second stage as they require a greater degree of consultation than could be allowed for in the preparation of this legislation.

The Act enhances the independence of the Auditor-General by maintaining his status as an independent officer of the Parliament and, more particularly, by enshrining and entrenching the provisions relating to the appointment, independence and tenure of the Auditor-General in the Constitution Act 1975. The Act removes sections 4, 4A and 5 of the Audit Act and places them in a new division 3 in part V of the Constitution Act. The appointment of the Auditor-General must now be made by the Governor-in-Council on the recommendation of the Parliamentary Committee. There is also a provision that prevents the remuneration of the Auditor-General from being reduced.

The independence of the Auditor-General from executive direction is further enhanced by giving the Parliamentary Committee the authority to vary any obligation or requirement imposed on the Auditor-General or his office, by or under, the Financial Management Act 1994, or the Public Sector Management and Employment Act 1998.

Proposed section 7C provides for that and further requires the Parliamentary Committee to table any variations before each house of Parliament within six sitting days of making the variation. Members should be aware that the Act allows either House to disallow such a variation. It is expected that variations will be rare and are there primarily to signal the independence of the Auditor-General from the directions of the executive. As a general principle, the Auditor-General and his office are expected to comply with the minimum accountability standards imposed on all other authorities that would be subject to external audit by the Auditor-General.

1.3

Section 2 the amendments commence operation on proclamation, but not later than by 1 July 2000.

Amendments to the Constitution Act 1975

Section 3 makes the necessary insertions in the Constitution as new sections 94A to 94C relating to the Auditor-General appointed by the Governor in Council on the recommendation of the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee of the Parliament (the Parliamentary Committee). New section 94B deals with the independence of the Auditor-General and new section 94C deals with tenure, being seven years with eligibility for re-appointment.

Section 4 applies the entrenchment provisions of section 18(2)(b) of the Constitution to the insertions made by Section 3.3

Amendments to the Audit Act 1994

Section 9 inserts new Divisions 2 and 3 of Part 2 into the Act, consisting of new sections 7A to 7F.

New section 7A requires the Auditor-General to prepare an annual plan of proposed work for the financial year for the consideration of the Parliamentary Committee.

New section 7B deals with annual reporting by the Auditor-General concerning the operation of the Victorian Auditor-General’s Office (the Office) and the provision of certain financial statements to an independent auditor. The report of operations and audited financial statement are to be transmitted to each House of the Parliament.

New section 7C provides that the Parliamentary Committee may by resolution, vary any obligation or requirement imposed on the Auditor-General or the Office under section 7B(2)(a) or (3)(a) or the Financial Management Act 1994 or the Public Sector Management and Employment Act 1998. The Parliament may disallow any part or the whole of such a resolution.

New section 7E allows the Auditor-General to engage any firm or person under contract to assist in the performance of any function of the Auditor-General.

New section 7F provides that the Auditor-General may delegate in writing any functions or power to any person other than under sections 15, 16 and 16A4 and the power to delegate.

The Committee notes the delegation provisions prescribed by new section 7F limit the areas in which the Auditor-General may delegate powers and functions to any person. The Committee is of the opinion that they are appropriate to give effect to the purposes of the Act.

Section 10 repeals Part 2A of the Act. That Part established a body corporate known as Audit Victoria.

Section 17 amends section 16 requiring audits to be conducted by the Auditor-General and not by ‘authorised persons’.5 It allows performance audits to be conducted on any part of the Victorian public sector.

Section 18 inserts a new section 16A providing that the Auditor-General must make a report on each financial statement prepared under section 24 of the Financial Management Act 1994.6

Section 21 substitutes a new section 22 to preserve the appointment of the current Auditor-General appointed immediately prior to the amendments made by the Act.

Section 22 substitutes new sections 24 to 26 of the Act.

New section 24 formally abolishes Audit Victoria providing that the members of the board of directors go out of office. A director is not entitled to any compensation as a result of ceasing to be a member of the defunct body. The section vests in the State all rights, property and assets of the defunct body. All liabilities, debts and obligations of Audit Victoria become obligations of the State.

The Auditor-General is substituted as a party in any proceedings pending in a court or tribunal where such proceedings were commenced against Audit Victoria. The Auditor-General is substituted as a party in any contract made by the defunct body. A reference to Audit Victoria is taken to be a reference to the Auditor-General. Audits commenced by the defunct body may be completed by the Auditor-General.

New section 25 provides that all staff of Audit Victoria are transferred to the Auditor-General’s Office under Part 3 of the Public Sector Management and Employment Act 1998 on terms not less favourable than those received or accrued before the transfer. No compensation is payable if a person refuses to be transferred under the provisions of the new section 25.

New section 26 permits audits commenced by ‘authorised persons’ before the provisions of the amending Act commence operation to be completed, as if the provisions of the amending Act had not commenced. The provision also deems authorised persons to be engaged under section 7E.

Section 23 repeals the Audit (Amendment) Act 1997.

Section 24, 26 and the Schedule make consequential amendments to a number of Acts.

Section 25 amends section 4EB of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968 by inserting a new section 4EB(2) conferring upon the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee of the Parliament the additional functions contained in the Audit Act 1994 and the Constitution Act 1975 as amended by the Act.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The role of the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee (PAEC) will be expanded in relation to the accountability of the Auditor-General. Currently the PAEC advises the Auditor-General on its performance audit priorities and recommends to Parliament the engagement of the financial and performance auditors of the Auditor-General’s office (VAGO). As a result of these amendments, the Parliamentary Committee will also recommend the appointment of the Auditor-General to the Governor-in-Council, will comment on the Auditor-General’s budget and annual plan, will exempt if necessary the Auditor-General from complying with legislative requirements, and will report such exemptions to Parliament. These changes strengthen the accountability of the Auditor-General to Parliament and enhance the power of the Parliament over the executive.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Crimes at Sea Act 1999

2.1

The Act was introduced into the Legislative Council on 30 November 1999 by the Honourable Marsha Thomson MLC. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 1 December 1999. The Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

2.2

The purpose of the Act is to give effect to a Cooperative Scheme (the scheme) for dealing with crimes at sea, to repeal the Crimes (Offences at Sea) Act 1978, to amend the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984 and for other purposes.

The Committee notes the preamble of the Act –

The Commonwealth and the States have agreed to a cooperative scheme to apply the criminal law of the States extraterritorially in the areas adjacent to the coast of Australia.

Under the scheme, the criminal law of each State is to apply in the area adjacent to the State--

(a) for a distance of 12 nautical miles from the baseline for the State--by force of the law of the State; and

(b) beyond 12 nautical miles up to a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baseline for the State or the outer limit of the continental shelf (whichever is the greater distance)--by force of the law of the Commonwealth.

Responsibility for administering criminal justice in the area covered by the scheme will be divided between the Commonwealth and the States under the scheme and an intergovernmental agreement.

The purpose of this Act is to give legal force to the scheme (so far as it depends on the legislative power of the State) and to provide for consequential vesting of judicial and other powers.

2.3

Section 2 provides that the Act comes into operation on a day to be proclaimed.

The Committee notes that the Act is part of a national cooperative scheme between the Commonwealth, the States and the Northern Territory, and as such the simultaneous commencement of the provisions in the Act may be dependent on complementary legislation being enacted in all other jurisdictions. In these circumstances the Committee may accept that a commencement by proclamation Section would be appropriate. However the Committee notes that the Commonwealth Act provides a forced commencement date, being 12 months after Royal Assent. The Committee further notes that neither the Explanatory Memorandum nor the Second Reading Speech provide any information on the desirability of employing a commencement by proclamation Section in this instance.

Given the Commonwealths use of a forced commencement provision the Committee will write to the Minister to seek an explanation why the Act seeks to depart from that practice.

Section 4 declares that to the extent that it lies within the legislative competence of the State to give the cooperative scheme the force of law, it has the force of law.

Section 5 provides that offences for the purposes of the scheme are classified as follows; if the maximum penalty for the offence is a fine or imprisonment for not more than 2 years, the offence is classified as a summary offence; if the maximum penalty for the offence is (or includes) imprisonment for more than 2 years or for an indefinite term, the offence is classified as an indictable offence.

Section 6 provides that the Minister must have the intergovernmental agreement, and any amendment to the intergovernmental agreement, published in the Government Gazette.

Section 8 provides that the Governor in Council may make regulations prescribing matters; required or permitted by this Act to be prescribed; or necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this Act. However the provision does not authorise the making of regulations for the purposes of the cooperative scheme. The following conditional regulation making power is vested in the Governor-General in Part 5 Section 12 of Schedule 1 –

12. Regulations

(1) The Governor-General may make regulations prescribing matters –

(a) required or permitted by this scheme to be prescribed; or

(b) necessary or convenient to be prescribed for carrying out or giving effect to this scheme.

(2)    However, a regulation affecting the operation of this scheme in relation to the inner adjacent area for a State may only be made with the agreement of the participating State Minister for the relevant State.

The Committee notes that regulations relevant to the inner adjacent area7 of the State may only be made with the agreement of the Minister. The Committee accepts that given the nature of the cooperative scheme such a regulation making power is desirable.

Section 9 provides that the Crimes (Offences at Sea) Act 1978 is repealed.

Section 10 makes amendments to the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984. The amendments include the exclusion of the Victorian criminal law under the scheme. The criminal law of Victoria is in turn applied by the scheme itself.

Section 11 provides a number of important transitional provisions including –

  • Notwithstanding the repeal of the Crimes (Offences at Sea) Act 1978, that Act continues to apply, in relation to acts and omissions that took place before the commencement day, as if the repeal had not happened.
  • The amendments of the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984 made by section 10 apply to acts and omissions that take place on or after the commencement day.
  • Where an act or omission is alleged to have taken place between two dates, one before and one after the commencement day, the act or omission is alleged to have taken place before the commencement day.

The Schedule provides the text of the scheme.

Part 1 provides for the definitions used in the scheme.

Part 2 applies the respective State criminal law to the ‘adjacent area’ (defined in the Act) and declares –

The substantive criminal law of a State, as in force from time to time, applies, by force of the law of the State, throughout the inner adjacent area for the State.

The provisions of the substantive criminal law of a State, as in force from time to time, apply, by force of the law of the Commonwealth, throughout the outer adjacent area for the State.

Section 4 deals with an evidentiary presumption about the locus of an offence and provides that an allegation in the information or complaint that the act, omission or state of affairs happened in the adjacent area, inner adjacent area or outer adjacent area for a particular State is taken to be proved in the absence of proof to the contrary.

Part 3 deals with the intergovernmental agreement and provides that the Commonwealth Attorney-General, and the participating State Ministers may enter into an agreement providing for the division of responsibility for administering and enforcing the law relating to maritime offences.

The effect of the agreement will be that a charge for a maritime offence must not be brought in a court contrary to the intergovernmental agreement and if it is brought contrary to the agreement a court must, on application by the Commonwealth Attorney-General or a participating State Minister, permanently stay the proceedings in that court.

Part 4 deals with certain limitations and exclusions for example, dealing with offences alleged to have occurred on foreign ships registered outside Australia and the country of registration has, under international law, jurisdiction over the alleged offence.

Part 5 applies the Acts Interpretation Act 1901 (Clth) to this scheme in the same way as to a Commonwealth Act.

Part 6 defines ‘adjacent areas’ as the area described in Schedule 2 to the Petroleum (Submerged Lands) Act 1967 (Clth) in relation to the State as is within the outer limits of the continental shelf and includes the space above and below that area.

Appendix 1 provides a map showing the various areas that are relevant to this scheme. The map is intended to be indicative only and the provisions of the scheme and of the body of the Act prevail over the map if there is any inconsistency.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Essential Services (Year 2000) Act 1999

3.1

The Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA with the Honourable John Thwaites MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The Act received Royal Assent on 7 December 1999.

3.2

The Act provides a temporary system of emergency powers to deal with events arising from year 2000 computer problems and amends the Emergency Management Act 1986. The principal Act sunsets on 30 June 2001.

3.3

Section 2 the Act commences operation on the day after the day it receives Royal Assent. Section 35 provides that the Act expires on 30 June 2001.

Section 3 defines ‘year 2000 event’ as an event occurring as a consequence of the processing, transmitting or receiving of date data (whether or not the date data refers to the year 2000). The section also defines ‘essential service’ meaning any of the following, transport, fuel, light, power, water, sewerage and paragraph (g) of the definition provides – ‘a service (whether or not of a type similar to the foregoing) declared to be an essential service by the Governor in Council under section 3(2)’.

Section 3(2) allows the Governor-in-Council by order published in the Government Gazette, to declare a service to be an essential service for the purposes of the Act, whether it is similar or not to the other services listed in the definitions sections.

The Committee is of the opinion that Section 3 may be an example of a ‘Henry VIII Clause’.8 Such a provision would constitute an inappropriate delegation of legislative power within the meaning of section 4D(a)(iv) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968.

The Committee appreciates the subject matter of the Act may require urgent action to be taken by the Executive in sometimes novel or emergency circumstances to ensure the Act is effective to manage technological problems arising as a consequence of Y2K. The Committee also notes that the legislation will sunset on 30 June 2001.

Given the unusual and legitimate reasons for the Act, the Committee does not intend to report adversely upon the section but brings the use of such an extreme and fortunately uncommon provision to the attention of the Parliament.

Section 4 empowers the Governor in Council to declare, amend or vary by proclamation the application of emergency provisions if an ‘essential service’ is likely to be unable to meet reasonable community requirements because of a year ‘2000 event’.

Section 5 provides that a Minister may give directions that may be necessary to ensure continuity or resumption of supply of essential services and secure public safety and order. Section 5(2) lists the type of directions that a Minister may make including the prohibition of the operation or use of services. Section 5(5) permits the Minister at any time to amend or revoke a direction. Section 5(6) effectively allows a direction to be amended retrospectively up to 3 months after a direction is made to correct a defect, mistake or omission. The earlier direction is deemed to have been made as so amended.

Section 5(7) protects any person from any legal liability arising from a retrospectively amended direction pursuant to Section 5(5).

The Committee notes that a direction made by the Minister may be retrospectively amended or revoked up to 3 months after the direction is made. The Committee further notes that no conviction or legal liability may result from such a retrospective direction. In the circumstances the Committee does not report adversely on this provision.

Section 6(1) provides that the Minister may determine that compensation is payable to any person whose property may be affected by a Ministerial direction. Section 6(2) permits a person dissatisfied with a Ministerial compensation determination to apply to the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal for review.

The Committee notes that the Act provide for a Ministerial compensation determination and a review of such a determination by the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal.

The Committee notes that the Act provides for a Ministerial compensation determination and a review of such a determination by the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal.

Sections 7 to 12 deal with offences under the Act and covers; contraventions of the directions; obstruction of persons carrying out directions; obstructing inspectors; impersonating inspectors and offences by bodies corporate and by partnerships or unincorporated associations.

Section 13 provides for the appointment of inspectors and the issue of prescribed identity cards, which must be produced on request.

Section 14 provides that on the request of an inspector, police may assist to take any action when authorised by the Act.

Search and entry by consent

Section 15 permits an inspector to enter land or premises and search for a thing either with the consent of the occupier or with a warrant. Section 16 provides that if the occupier consents to a search she/she must be given a copy of the signed consent immediately.

Search Warrants

Section 17 deals with the issue of search warrants according to the forms and procedures pursuant to the Magistrates’ Court Act 1989.

Section 18 provides that before executing a warrant the person executing it must announce their authority to enter the land or premises and give any person at the land or premises an opportunity to allow entry. An inspector need not make such an announcement where to do so may render the entry or search ineffective. Section 19 a copy of the search warrant must be given to the occupier.

Infringement Notices

Sections 20 to 29 deal with infringement notices for prescribed offences. A prescribed offence is defined as an offence against section 7(1) being the use of an essential service in contravention of a direction given under section 5, of which the person is aware.

Section 20(2) deems a person to be aware of a direction given under section 5 if the direction is published in a newspaper circulating in the area in which the direction applies or details are broadcast by radio or television in that area.

Section 20(4) provides a defence that at the time of the commission of the offence the defendant did not know and could not reasonably have known of the direction.

The Committee notes that a person may be deemed to be aware of a direction published or broadcast pursuant to Section 20(2) and that the offence is therefore a strict liability offence, one made out without the necessity of proof of any mental intent, recklessness or negligence by an accused.

The Committee however also notes that a defence is provided by Section 20(4). The Committee brings the use of the provision to the attention of Parliament.

Delegation

Section 30 provides that the Minister may delegate to any person all or any of the Minister’s powers and functions (other than the power to delegate) as specified in the instrument of delegation.

The Committee notes the wide delegation powers provided by Section 30. The Committee has consistently pointed out that a delegation provision to any person without restriction or qualification would appear to be in breach of section 4D(b)(ii) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968 being a provision that makes rights, freedoms or obligations dependent upon insufficiently defined administrative powers.

The Committee would prefer that provision delegating administrative powers be confined to senior designated public sector officials or alternatively that the type of powers and functions capable of delegation be adequately defined or limited by the provisions contained in the Act itself.

The Committee will write to the Minister requesting further information as to why this wide delegation power is thought necessary, appropriate or desirable in this Act.

Amendment to the Emergency Management Act 1986

Section 34 amends section 4(1) of the Emergency Management Act 1986 to insert the same definition of ‘essential service’ as in Section 3 of the Act. The definition section is further amended by the insertion of sub-part (h) in the definition of emergency’ to include ‘a disruption to an essential service’. Notwithstanding the forced expiry of the other provisions of this Act on 30 June 2001 the amendments to the Emergency Management Act 1986 will remain in force after that date by virtue of the provisions of section 15 of the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984.9

The Committee is of the view that the ability to declare what is an ‘essential service’ by means of a Governor in Council order may constitute an example of a Henry VIII clause10 and would constitute a breach of section 4D(b)(iv) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968 as an inappropriate delegation of legislative power.

The Committee is concerned that the amendment to the Emergency Management Act 1986 does not sunset on 30 June 2001 as will the other provisions in the Act but will remain in force by virtue of section 15 of the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1986.

The Committee will write to the Minister to express it’s concerns in relation to Section 34.

3.4 Alteration or variation of section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975 (section 4D(b)(i) and (ii) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968

Section 32 provides –

32. Immunity from suit

A person acting in good faith in the execution of this Part or any proclamation or direction under this Part is not liable to any action, claim or demand on account of any damage, loss or injury sustained or alleged to be sustained because of the operation of this Part or of anything done or purporting to be done under this Part or any proclamation or direction under this Part.

Section 33 provides –

33. Supreme Court – limitation of jurisdiction

It is the intention of section 32 to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

Section 32 of the Act provides immunity from legal action for persons who act in good faith in the execution of Part 2 of the Act or any proclamation or ministerial direction under Part 2. Section 33 states that it is the intention of Section 32 to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975.

The reason for altering or varying section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975 to limit the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court is to ensure that persons acting in good faith in the execution of Part 2 of the Act or any proclamation or ministerial direction under Part 2 are immune from suit as these people are acting in the public interest and should be confident that their actions will not be exposed to legal action.

The Committee is of the view that the proposed section 85 provision is appropriate and desirable in all the circumstances.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Federal Courts (State Jurisdiction) Act 1999

4.1

The Act was introduced into the Legislative Council on 9 November 1999 by the Honourable Marsha Thomson MLC. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 10 November 1999. The Act received Royal Assent on 14 December 1999.

4.2

The Act provides that certain invalid decisions of the Federal Court of Australia or the Family Court of Australia may have effect and be enforced as decisions of the Supreme Court of Victoria. The Act is the State Governments response to the High Court’s decision in Re Wakim11 which effectively struck down the ability of State Parliaments to invest Federal Courts with State jurisdiction. The High Court also determined that the Commonwealth Parliament is not able to confer or to consent to the conferral of State jurisdiction on federal courts.

The main features of the Act are –

  • the rights and liabilities of persons affected by invalid decisions of the Federal and Family Courts (‘federal courts’) are declared to be the same as if those decisions had been valid Supreme Court decisions;
  • invalid judgments of federal courts can be enforced in the same way as Supreme Court judgments; and
  • matters on foot in the federal courts can be dealt with as though they had commenced in the Supreme Court.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The majority of the High Court found that the vesting of State jurisdiction in federal courts is ineffective. The decision impacts on the general cross-vesting scheme introduced by the Commonwealth and State Jurisdiction of Courts (Cross-Vesting) Acts under which State and federal courts have reciprocal jurisdiction. Also affected is the jurisdiction of the federal court under the Corporations Law, which operates throughout Australia as State and Territory laws, and which is reliant on cross-vesting arrangements.

In addition, other State laws associated with commonwealth-state cooperative schemes apply certain federal laws as State law and also confer jurisdiction on the federal court. These cooperative schemes include the agriculture and veterinary chemicals scheme, competition policy scheme, gas pipelines access scheme, National Crime Authority scheme and the price exploitation scheme associated with the federal government’s goods and services tax (GST). All these schemes are affected by the decision in Re Wakim.

The effect of the High Court’s decision is to render decisions previously made by the federal court and the family court relying purely on cross-vesting arrangements liable to be set aside for want of jurisdiction. Another effect is to prevent the further exercise of purely State jurisdiction by federal courts.

On the other hand, the cross-vesting of jurisdiction between State and State and State and Territory is not affected, nor is the vesting of federal jurisdiction in State courts under the Commonwealth Judiciary Act 1903. Similarly, the decision does not affect the exercise by a federal court of accrued jurisdiction, where the court has jurisdiction to resolve a whole controversy containing both federal and State law elements.

The Act declares that in relation to State matters, as defined, the rights and liabilities of a person affected by a judgment of the Federal Court or the Family Court, including an appeal judgment of one of those courts, are the same as if the judgment had been a valid judgment given by the Supreme Court. The Act specifically provides that such rights and liabilities are exercisable and enforceable as if they were rights and liabilities under judgments of the Supreme Court. Similarly, any acts or omissions in relation to such rights and liabilities are taken to have the same effect and consequences as if occurring under a judgment of the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is also given power to vary or otherwise deal with any such rights and liabilities.

The Act provides a mechanism for the transfer to the Supreme Court of current proceedings in federal courts relating to state matters where a Federal Court determines that it has no jurisdiction to hear the State matter.

The Act contains consequential amendments designed to remove exclusions of the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court appearing in the Competition Policy Reform (Victoria) Act 1995 and the New Tax System Price Exploitation Code (Victoria) Act 1999. Those exclusions cannot stand now that the Federal Court is unable to hear matters arising under those acts.

4.3

Section 2 the provisions of the Act come into operation on the day after Royal Assent.

Sections 6 and 7 declare that all rights and liabilities are to be the same as if the ineffective judgment had been given by the Supreme Court and that these rights and liabilities may be enforceable as though they were made pursuant to valid judgments of the Supreme Court.

Section 11 provides that certain federal proceedings on foot may be transferred to the Supreme Court.

Section 15 provides that any State enactment conferring jurisdiction on a federal court or excluding State jurisdiction in a State Court is taken not to have that effect.

Section 17 permits the Governor in Council to make regulations to give effect to the Act.

The Committee notes the regulation making power provided is appropriate to give effect to the purposes of the Act.

Sections 18 and 19 make amendments to the Competition Policy Reform (Victoria) Act 1995 and the New Taxation System Price Exploitation Code (Victoria) Act 1999. Both these Acts conferred State jurisdiction on federal courts and excluded the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in civil and criminal matters arising under the respective Acts.

4.4 Alteration or variation of section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975 (section 4D(b)(i) and (ii) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968)

Section 16 declares that it is the intention of Part 2 to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

Section 85 statement

It is the intention of Part 2 of the Act to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975. I therefore make the following statement under section 85(5) of the Constitution Act of the reasons for altering or varying that section.

This is very much a technical provision inserted out of an abundance of caution, and not one that should alarm those members concerned to protect the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

Part 2 of the Act does not in terms deem invalid judgments of federal courts to be judgments of the Supreme Court. Rather, what the Act does in Section 6 is to declare the rights and liabilities of all persons to be the same as if the invalid judgment had been a valid judgment of the Supreme Court. That course has been adopted very deliberately to minimise the potential for challenge to the Act on constitutional grounds. Nevertheless, for technical reasons Section 7 provides that, for the purposes of an appeal, an invalid Federal Court judgment is to be deemed to be a valid judgment of the Supreme Court. Arguably, this deeming mechanism alters the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court by creating by a legal fiction a judgment of the Supreme Court where previously there had been none.

To take another example, Section 12 provides for functional equivalence between an invalid Federal Court judgment and an order of the Supreme Court for the purposes of the law of contempt.

It might be argued that by doing so, the Section takes away from the Supreme Court’s discretion by presenting the Supreme Court with a legal fiction that it must treat similarly to one of its own orders. There might be similar arguments made about other Sections contained within Part 2.

To the extent that Part 2 alters or amends section 85 of the Constitution Act, it does so purely for the purpose of making better provision for dealing with ineffective judgments of federal courts. Absent the Act, many decisions of the Federal Court and the Family Court given over a period of more than 10 years would be liable to be set aside. Such cases would need to be re-litigated, with all the attendant expense and, in some cases, misery, that might entail. Many litigants would find themselves out of time if forced to recommence litigation in the Supreme Court. The Act deals with this problem both for matters already heard and for matters that are still on foot. The minor and theoretical variation in the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, in the government’s view, is amply justified by the mischief that would be caused by failing to pass the Act.

The Committee is of the view that the proposed section 85 provision is appropriate and desirable in all the circumstances.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Freedom of Information (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1999

5.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA with the Honourable John Thwaites MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

5.2

This Act amends the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (the Act) providing increased access to documents. The main features of the Act are –

  • removing recent changes to the Act that prevent access to documents that identify any person, including public servants, named in those documents.
  • narrowing the exemption from disclosure for cabinet documents;
  • narrowing the exemption from disclosure relating to ‘commercial confidentiality’;
  • compelling ministers to explain to the Parliament the reasons for appealing to the Supreme Court a decision of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal to release documents; and
  • removing the $170 appeal fee at the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) for ‘deemed refusals’;

5.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on1 January 2000.

Documents affecting personal privacy

Section 4 repeals Part 3A comprising sections 27A to 27G of the Act dealing with documents containing personal information.12

Section 6 deals with documents affecting personal privacy and inserts a new section 33(2A) in the Act providing that an agency or Minister in deciding whether the disclosure of a document would involve the unreasonable disclosure of information relating to the personal affairs of any person may take into account (as well as other matters) whether the disclosure would or would reasonably likely to, endanger the life or physical safety of any person. Information relating to the personal affairs of any person includes information that identifies any person or their address or location or from which identity, address or location can reasonably be determined.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The previous government recently amended the Act to exempt from release, documents that identify any person, including public servants. A person wanting this information is forced to apply to VCAT, incurring additional costs in the process. The amendments were said to be in response to the tribunal’s decision in the Coulston case.

Not only have the amendments unjustifiably narrowed the operation of the Act, the amendments have also created an administrative nightmare for government departments and agencies, which have been required to painstakingly examine documents the subject of a request in order to delete identifying information relating to a person.

The Act repeals those amendments, contained in Part IIIA of the Act.

In conjunction with repealing Part IIIA, the Act clarifies that ‘information relating to the personal affairs of any person’ as contained in section 33 of the Act includes identifying information of any person, such as the person’s name or address. Recent VCAT rulings have raised doubts as to whether information relating to the personal affairs of any person includes the names and addresses of persons. The Act gives guidance on this issue.

The government recognises that there will be instances where the release of identifying information may be inappropriate: for instance, where a person’s life or physical safety may be at risk. The Act permits a decision-maker, in deciding whether disclosure of a document would involve the unreasonable disclosure of information, to take into account in addition to any other matters whether the disclosure of the information would, or would be reasonably likely to, endanger the life or physical safety of any person.

The Committee notes the comments made by the Attorney General in his Second Reading Speech. The Committee acknowledges that these amendments may diminish rights to personal privacy when viewed in the context of the legislative regime put in place when the Act was amended in 1999. On the other hand the Committee accepts that the amendments may enhance certain rights to obtain information upon which other rights may be dependent.

The issues of whether the balance of these competing rights contained in these amendments is appropriate or justifiable are more properly considered by the Parliament.

Cabinet documents

Section 5 substitutes a new section 28(1)(b) the effect of which is to remove the exemption for documents that are merely considered by Cabinet without having the status of a Cabinet submission. The substitution removes the words struck through –

(1) A document is an exempt document if it is –

(b) a document that has been prepared by a Minister or on his or her behalf or by an agency for the purpose of submission for consideration by the Cabinet. (or a document which has been considered by the Cabinet and which is related to issues that are or have been before the Cabinet)

The Committee also notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech in relation to Cabinet documents –

Cabinet confidentiality

The Act narrows the exemption for cabinet documents by removing the exemption for documents that are merely presented to cabinet without having the status of a formal cabinet submission. It is the intention of the Act that documents now prepared for submission to cabinet should be in the form of formal cabinet submissions. Any attachments to a cabinet submission would need to be relevant to that submission and not merely attached in order to attract an exemption.

Commercial confidentiality

Section 7 amends section 34(1) of the Act to narrow the exemption for documents relating to business, commercial and financial information acquired by an agency or Minister. The substituted section will allow a narrower test for exemption for documents where disclosure ‘would be likely to expose a business unreasonably to disadvantage’

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

Commercial confidentiality

The Freedom of Information Act provides an exemption for a range of information relating to business, commercial or financial matters that is obtained by government agencies from business organisations. This exemption has been employed in the past, under the guise of commercial confidentiality, to prevent disclosure of documents that should be open to public scrutiny.

The Act narrows the ambit of this exemption. Under the proposed amendments documents will be exempt only if disclosure of information relating to business, commercial or financial matters would be likely to expose a business organisation unreasonably to a disadvantage.

This narrower exemption will operate in conjunction with the government’s policy commitment to post all contracts for the delivery of services to the community on behalf of the government on the Internet. This will ensure that Victorians are aware of and better able to scrutinise business undertakings entered into by the government.

Report to Parliament by Minister on appeal of VCAT’s decision

Section 8 inserts a new section 65AB in to the Act requiring a Minister to cause to be tabled in each House of Parliament within seven sitting days, a brief statement of his or her reasons, or the reasons of an agency as to why leave to appeal from a decision of the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal to release documents is being sought.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

Ministers’ accountability

As part of its commitment to accountability, the government promised to require ministers to explain to the House why the public interest is served by the government appealing from a decision by the tribunal to release documents. The Act requires the relevant minister to make a brief statement of reasons as to why they are appealing to the House within seven sitting days from when a summons for leave to appeal is filed with the court.

Section 9 provides for transitional matters to cover requests, fees proceedings and other matters already applied for, paid or commenced prior to the commencement of the provisions in this Act.

Removal of fees where refusal to disclose is deemed

Section 10 substitutes a new paragraph (x) in item 7 of Schedule 3 to the Tribunals and Licensing Authorities (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1998. This amendment removes the $170 fee for ‘deemed refusals’ under section 53 of the Act. The fee was payable in circumstances where an agency or Minister has failed to respond to a request or failed to provide notification of a decision within the statutory time-limits. To review such a decision the applicant was required to commence proceedings before the VCAT.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Gas Industry (Amendment) Act 1999

6.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Council on 30 November 1999 by the Honourable Candy Board MLC. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 1 December 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

6.2

This Act amends the Gas Industry Act 1994 to make further provision relating to non-franchise customers and for other purposes.

6.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on the day after Royal Assent.

Section 4 makes certain statute law revision amendments.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Health Practitioners (Special Events Exemption) Act 1999

7.1

The Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable John Thwaites MLA with the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The Act received Royal Assent on 7 December 1999.

7.2

The Act allows ‘a visiting health practitioner’ to provide health care services in the State in connection with ‘special events’ without becoming registered under State law.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The principal aim of the Act is to authorise visiting health practitioners to provide health care services to visitors in Victoria in connection with designated special events while exempting such practitioners from the provisions of Victorian law relating to health practitioners.

The Victorian government has made a commitment to host rounds of both the men’s and women’s football – soccer – competitions of the Olympic Games in September 2000. In addition, there may be other visiting teams associated with the Olympic Games who use facilities in Victoria for training prior to the games.

Provision is made in this Act for the Minister for Health to declare a special event in the Government Gazette. Visiting health practitioners will then be exempted from the offence provisions contained in a health registration act and from those contained in the Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act and its regulations.

This Act will streamline the process necessary for a visiting health practitioner to provide health care services to a member of a group or team associated with a designated special event.

7.3

Section 2 provides that saving section 20, the provisions of the Act come into operation on 1 January 2000. Section 20 comes into operation on the day on which section 100 of the Dental Practice Act 199913 comes into operation.

Section 3 provides certain definitions for the Act including –

"special event" means a sporting, cultural or other event or class of events declared to be a special event by a special event Order.

Section 4 defines the meaning of "visiting health practitioner" as –

(a) the person is an individual who is a resident of another country; and

(b) the person is appointed, employed, contracted or otherwise engaged to provide health care services to a visitor; and

(c) notice is given, in accordance with the procedure specified in the special event Order for the special event concerned, of the person’s intention to provide health care services in the State to a visitor.

Section 5 defines the meaning of ‘visitor’ for the purpose of the Act and includes a resident of Australia in Victoria officially participating in a special event.

Section 6 allows the Minister to make a special event Order published in the Government Gazette declaring an event or class of events specified in the Order to be a special event taking place or is taking place in the State for the purposes of the Act.

Sections 7 to 9 a special event Order must specify certain matters such as procedures, the exemption periods, conditions, restrictions or limitations.

Section 10 provides that a special event Order may authorise supply and use of certain poisons under the Drugs Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981.

Section 11 authorises a visiting health practitioner to provide health care services for the duration of a special event to visitors for whom the visiting health practitioner has been appointed, employed, contracted or otherwise engaged to provide those services.

Section 13 provides that a visiting health practitioner does not commit an offence under a health registration Act for; (a) providing health care services authorised by this Act; or (b) holding himself or herself out as being able to provide health care services authorised by this Act; or (c) using any name, initials, description, word, symbol, addition or title that he or she ordinarily uses or for certain other matters that may be otherwise offences under the Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 or any regulations under that Act.

Section 15 provides an exemption from the offence provisions in the Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 in relation to a licensed or otherwise authorised supplier of poisons under that Act, for the supply of certain scheduled poisons to any authorised visiting health practitioner if the visiting health practitioner is authorised in accordance with this Act to be supplied with the poison by wholesale.

Section 16 exempts pharmacists from certain offences under the Drugs, Poisons and Controlled Substances Act 1981 or any regulations under that Act for selling or supplying or dispensing a Schedule 4 poison or a Schedule 8 poison in accordance with a prescription written by an authorised visiting health practitioner for an authorised visitor within the meaning of section 5 of the Act.

Section 19 provides that the Governor-in-Council may make regulations for carrying out or giving effect to the Act.

The Committee notes the regulation making powers in Section 19 and is of the view that they are appropriate to give effect to the purposes of the Act.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Legal Practice (Amendment) Act 1999

8.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA with the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 7 December 1999.

8.2

This Act amends the Legal Practice Act 1996 (the Act) with respect to the powers of the Legal Profession Tribunal.

8.3

Section 2 provides that the amendments come into operation on the day after Royal Assent.

Section 5 inserts a new section 136A into the Act permitting a Tribunal to dismiss a dispute if it considers it is more appropriately dealt with by a court. A dispute may be dismissed on the application of a party or on the Tribunal’s own initiative. If the Tribunal dismisses a dispute, it may refer the matter to the relevant court if it considers it appropriate to do so.

Section 6 amends section 160 and permits a Full Tribunal to refer a practitioner to the Supreme Court with or without a recommendation that the practitioner’s name be struck off the roll of practitioners. It also permits a Full Tribunal a separate power to disqualify, for a specific period, a practitioner from applying for a practising certificate or for a practising certificate with particular conditions.

Section 7 amend section 169A(1) allows a Full Tribunal in an appeal concerning a dispute to allow the costs of transcripts of the hearing before the Tribunal at first instance.

Section 8 provides for transitional arrangements in respect to existing disputes. The new provisions will apply only to disputes referred to the Tribunal after the commencement of this Act or apply in respect of charges brought in the Tribunal after the commencement of this Act.

Sections 9 and 10 make statute law revision amendments to the Act and to the Leo Cussen Institute Act 1972.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Local Government (Best Value Principles) Act 1999

9.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable Bob Cameron MLA with the Honourable John Thwaites MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent 21 December 1999.

9.2

This Act amends the Local Government Act 1989 (the Act) to replace the compulsory competitive tendering requirements imposed on Councils with an obligation to ensure that Councils seek the best value in providing services.

9.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on the day after Royal Assent.

Section 4 amends Part 9 of the Act by substituting a new Division 3 comprising new sections 208A to 208I dealing with ‘Best Value Principles’ (the Principles). The Principles are set out in 208B.

A Council must, on or before 31 December 2000, develop a program for the application of the Principles. A Council must ensure that the program is available to the public. A Council must apply the Principles to all of the services it provides on or before 31 December 2005. A Council must ensure that any quality or cost standards it adopts are available for inspection by the public. At least once every year a Council must report to its community on what it has done to ensure that it has given effect to the Principles.

New section 208H allows for Ministerial Codes to be published in the Government Gazette in relation to how Councils are to give effect to the Best Value Principles. A Council must comply with any obligation imposed by such a Code that applies to the Council.

New section 208I allows the Minister to publish in the Government Gazette guidelines for Councils in relation to the Best Value Principles.

Section 5 repeals certain other competitive tendering provisions in the Act.

Section 6 increases the minimum compulsory tender amount in section 186(1) of the act from "$50,000" to "$100,000."

Section 7 provides for certain additional regulation-making powers to be substituted into Schedule 12 of the Act to give effect to the amendments made by the Act.

The Committee notes the substituted regulation making powers provided in Section 7 and is of the opinion that they are appropriate to give effect to the purposes of the Act.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre (Amendment) Act 1999

10.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 24 November 1999 by the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA with the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 25 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

10.2

The amending Act; renames the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre Act 1994 (the Act) to the State Sports Centres Act 1994; renames the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre Trust (the Trust) as the State Sport Centres Trust; extends the powers of the Trust to enable it to manage the State Netball and Hockey Centre (the Centre) and other sports, recreation and entertainment facilities and services.

10.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on a day or days to be proclaimed but not later than by 31 December 2000.

Section 4 changes the title of the Act to State Sports Centre Act 1994.

Section 13 inserts a new Division 3 into the Act comprising sections 26A to 26F dealing with the State Netball and Hockey Centre land (the land). The Trust is to manage the land and may enter into leases and grant licences over the land. 26D establishes an advisory committee to be appointed by the Minister in accordance with 26D(2) to advise the Trust on the operation and management of the Centre and the land.

Section 14 amends section 28 and inserts new sections 28A and 28B establishing the State Netball and Hockey Centre Fund and separate accounts respectively for the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre and the State Netball and Hockey Centre.

Section 16 amends the regulation making powers in section 32 of the Act by inserting a new paragraph (ca) and also substitutes a new paragraph (e) –

(ca) the protection of people at any other sports, recreation and entertainment facilities or services managed or operated by the Trust from injury or nuisance";

(e) the exclusion or expulsion of persons found contravening the regulations from--

(i) the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre or the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre land; or

(ii) the State Netball and Hockey Centre or the State Netball and Hockey Centre land; or

(iii) any other sports, recreation and entertainment facilities or services managed or operated by the Trust."

The Committee is of the opinion that the amended regulation making powers are appropriate to give effect to the purposes of the Act.

Section 17 amends section 33 of the Act to permit the Trust to make By-laws, subject to the approval of the Minister, in respect to fees and charges for the admission to and the use of any facilities or services at –

(i) the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre or on the Melbourne Sports and Aquatic Centre land;

(ii) the State Netball and Hockey Centre or on the State Netball and Hockey Centre land;

(iii) any other sports, recreation and entertainment facilities or services managed or operated by the Trust.

The Committee notes that the By-laws made pursuant to section 33 of the Act are not subject to the scrutiny of the Committee and are not amenable to the disallowance procedure by the Parliament provided by the Subordinate Legislation Act 1994, as By-laws are not statutory rules within the meaning of section 3 of that Act.

Section 18 provides for transitional provisions to ensure the change of name and other amendments have no adverse legal consequences and provides for appropriate legal continuity for leases, licences, contracts and projects.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Parliamentary Committees (Amendment) Act 1999

11.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 8 December 1999 by the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA with the Honourable John Thwaites MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 8 December 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 14 December 1999.

11.2

This Act amends the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968 (the Act) so as to –

  • increase the membership of the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee; and
  • vary the role of the Scrutiny of Acts and Regulations Committee; and
  • establish a Committee of the Legislative Council to be called the Economic Development Committee for the duration of the Parliament in existence at the date of the passing of this Act; and
  • increase the membership of the House Committee and vary its role.

11.3

Section 2 saving sections 11 and 12, the amendments comes into operation on Royal Assent. Sections 11 and 12 come into operation on the day on which the Assembly which is in existence at the date of the passing of these amendments - (a) expires by effluxion of time; or (b) is dissolved, whichever of those events first happens.

Section 4 increases the membership of the Public Accounts and Estimates Committee from 9 to 10. The quorum of the expanded Committee is 6 members.

Section 5 amends the terms of reference for the Scrutiny of Acts and Regulations Committee by inserting a new paragraph (ba) in section 4D of the Act allowing the Committee –

"to consider any Act passed at any time between 3 November 1999 and 31 December 1999 and to report to the Parliament with respect to that Act on any matter referred to in paragraph (a) or (b)"

The Committee notes the limited extension of its jurisdiction to comment on Acts passed in the period 3 November 1999 and 31 December 1999. The Committee acknowledges the amendment arises out of necessity to allow the Committee to apply the normal scrutiny process to Acts that had been given Royal Assent before the Committee of the 54th Parliament was constituted on 20 December 1999. The amendment allows the Committee time to consider issues raised in those Acts and time to prepare an Alert Digest for tabling in the Parliament.

The Committee however notes that the amendment, by its necessary legal implication excludes the opportunity for the Committee to consider Acts at any other time, for example, where an urgent Act is given speedy passage by both Houses in special circumstances.

The Committee therefore reports this possible area of deficiency in respect to Parliamentary scrutiny of legislative power under section 4D(a)(v) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968.

Section 6 inserts new sections 38 to 41 into the Act dealing with the establishment of the Economic Development Committee (EDC) as a select committee of the Legislative Council consisting of not more than 7 members. The quorum of the EDC is 4 members. The EDC must elect one of its members to be chairman and the chairman has a deliberative vote and a casting vote in the event of an equality of votes. This Committee established reverts to a Joint House Committee on the dissolution of the 54th Parliament.

New section 38 and 39 provides for the functions and role of the EDC.

New section 40 provides that the EDC holds office, and may exercise all the powers conferred on it by this Act or otherwise, for the 54th Parliament during which it is appointed until, (a) the expiry of the Assembly by effluxion of time; or (b) the dissolution of the Assembly whichever of those events first happens.

(2) Subject to sub-sections (3) and (4), the EDC may sit and transact business during the period for which it holds office at such times (including times while either House of the Parliament has adjourned) and in such places in Victoria or elsewhere as are convenient for the proper and speedy dispatch of business.

The provisions in the Act namely sections 4H to 4L, 4N, 4O, 4R, 4T and 4U shall, as modified, apply to the EDC, and to any sub-committee of the EDC, as if it were a Joint Investigatory Committee or a sub-committee of a Joint Investigatory Committee.

Section 7 makes consequential amendments to the Act to give effect to the new Committee arrangements. Section 8 amends section 45 in increase the size of the House Committee from 10 to 11 members with the additional member to be appointed from the Assembly. The quorum is increased from 3 to 7 members.

Section 10 inserts transitional provisions as new sections 55 and 56.

New section 55 will ensure that statutory rules laid before the Parliament on or after 3 November 1999 and before the first appointments are made to the Scrutiny of Acts and Regulations Committee of the 54th Parliament, are subject to the same temporal limitations scrutiny limitations by the Committee as regulations made at any other time and are therefore subject to the same disallowance procedures, pursuant to section 23 of the Subordinate Legislation Act 1994.

The Committee notes that the effect of new section 55 of the Act is that the sitting days of the Parliament between 3 November and the first appointment of the Committee of the 54th Parliament on 15 December 1999 are not to be reckoned as sitting days for the purposes of calculating the time in which the Committee may make a recommendation to the Parliament concerning the disallowance of a statutory rule pursuant to section 23 of the Subordinate Legislation Act 1994.

Section 11 and 12 will come into operation at the end of the 54th Parliament, and will have the effect of restoring the Act to its pre amended form in respect to the Economic Development Committee. Thus the EDC will revert to a Joint House Committee with the same functions described in the pre amended Act (section 4EC).

11.4 Repeal alteration or variation of section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975 (section 4D(b)(i) and (ii) of the Parliamentary Committees Act 1968)

Section 9 inserts a new section 53A into the Act and declares that it is the intention of section 4U as applied to and in relation to the Economic Development Committee to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act 1975.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

Section 9 provides that it is the intention of section 4U as applied to and in relation to the Economic Development Committee by section 41 to alter or vary section 85 of the Constitution Act. Section 4U provides immunity from legal action to joint investigatory committee proceedings, recommendations and reports and documents.

The reason for limiting the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court by Section 9 is to preserve the privileges and freedoms necessary for the conduct of parliamentary committees by providing those privileges and freedoms which are currently enjoyed by joint investigatory committees and their members to the Economic Development Committee and its members.

Failure to provide those freedoms and privileges to the Economic Development Committee may allow the committee or its members to be subject to litigation as a result of the activity of the committee and, thereby, impede the effective functioning of that committee.

The section 85 provision applies the same privileges and immunities to the Economic Development Committee of the Parliament as apply to all existing Parliamentary Committees. In the circumstances the Committee is of the view that the proposed section 85 provision is appropriate and desirable in all the circumstances.

 

Police Regulation (Amendment) Act 1999

12.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 1 December 1999 by the Honourable Andre Haermeyer MLA with the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 2 December 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

12.2

This Act amends the Police Regulation Act 1958 (the Act) so as to; establish the Police Appeals Board; abolish the Police Board and the Police Review Commission; protect members of the police force from civil action arising from the performance of their duties, and; amend the Juries Act 1967 and the Ombudsman Act 1973.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The Act will abolish the Police Review Commission and replace it with a Police Appeals Board. The key change is that the new appeals board will have a binding determinative power on not only promotion and transfer appeals, but also applications for review of police disciplinary and other staffing decisions.

The reinstatement of a binding power for an external review body is an important reform. The current arrangements under which the Chief Commissioner has the final decision-making power is unique in Australia. The dismissal decisions of all other employers and police commissioners are subject to review and determination by an independent tribunal. The International Labor Organisation’s Convention on Termination of Employment requires that all dismissed workers should be able to appeal to an impartial body. In addition, the provisions give protection to the Chief Commissioner from suggestions of bias or favouritism.

The new appeals board will be able to:

  • affirm the original decision;
  • set aside the original decision and substitute any other decision available to the original decision maker;
  • set aside the original decision and refer it back to the Chief Commissioner for determination in accordance with its recommendations or directions; or
  • in cases involving termination or dismissal, order the reinstatement of the member or, where it considers reinstatement to be impracticable, order a compensation payment of up to one years’ remuneration in lieu of reinstatement. (It should be noted that these remedies will not be available where a member has been dismissed following a criminal offence punishable by imprisonment being found proven against them).

12.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on a day or days to be proclaimed but not later than by 1 January 2001.

Section 5 repeals sections 4A to 4G of the Act. Those sections established the former Police Board and provided for its functions, powers and membership.

Section 7 inserts a new section 71(2) into the Act providing that the Chief Commissioner or authorised officer must consult with the Director of Public Prosecutions before a member is charged with the commission of a breach of discipline, where the discipline investigation reveals that there may have been a criminal offence committed.

Section 10 inserts new sections 87 to 91 and 91A to 91C into the Act establishing the Police Appeals Board (the Appeals Board). New sections 88, 89, 90 and 91 deal with the functions, membership, remuneration and vacancies on the Board. One of the members of the Appeals Board must be a legal practitioner of at least 5 years’ standing.

The functions of the Appeals Board are –

  • To hear and determine appeals against transfers and promotions.14
  • To conduct reviews of certain decisions of the Chief Commissioner including the termination of a members appointment.15
  • To conduct reviews under Division 1 of Part 4 relating to breaches of discipline.
  • Any other function conferred upon it by the Act.

Section 12 inserts a new section 91G dealing with the Appeals Board’s powers on a review which are to; (a) affirm the decision under review; or (b) set aside the decision and, in substitution for it, make any other decision or determination that the person who made the decision could have made; or (c) set aside the decision and refer the matter for determination by the Chief Commissioner in accordance with any directions or recommendations of the Appeals Board.

Where the decision is to terminate a member’s appointment or to make a determination to dismiss a member, the Appeals Board may; (a) order the Chief Commissioner to re-instate the applicant as a member of the force; or (b) if the Appeals Board considers that it would be impracticable to re-instate the applicant, order the Chief Commissioner to pay to the applicant an amount of compensation not exceeding the amount of remuneration of the applicant during the period of 12 months immediately before being dismissed or terminated.

Section 14 inserts new sections 91J to 91S dealing with the general procedures of the Appeals Board.

New section 91J provides that the Appeals Board is bound by the rules of natural justice in all proceedings before it.

New section 91K provides that the Appeals Board must have regard to the public interest and the interests of the applicant on review. The section defines "public interest" to include –

the interest of maintaining the integrity of, and community confidence in, the force; and in the case of a review of a decision to dismiss a member, under Division 1 of Part IV, the fact that the Chief Commissioner made an order under section 68(1).16

New section 91M provides that the following reviews are to be conducted by the Appeals Board constituted by all its members – (a) a review of a decision to terminate a member’s appointment; (b) a review of a decision to make a determination to dismiss a member; (c) a review under Division 1 of Part IV (breaches of discipline).

New section 91N provides that an appellant or applicant for review under this Act – (a) may appear at the appeal or review; and (b) in a review, may be represented by any person other than a legal practitioner. In this respect the section reproduces the provisions in the present Act.

New section 91Q provides that the Chief Commissioner must give effect to an order or decision of the Appeals Board.

Section 15 amends 103(3), 118B(2) and 118B(4) dealing with police reservists and protective service officers and ensures the new appeals and review provisions and the immunity provision in Section 16 below, apply to reservists and protective service officers.

Section 16 inserts a new section 123 into the Act and provides an immunity to members of the Police Force17

123. Immunity of members

(1) A member of the force or a police recruit is not personally liable for anything necessarily or reasonably done or omitted to be done in good faith in the course of his or her duty as a member of the force or police recruit.

(2) Any liability resulting from an act or omission that, but for sub-section (1), would attach to a member of the force or police recruit, attaches instead to the State.

(3) This section applies to acts or omissions occurring before as well as after the commencement of this section.

Section 17 makes a consequential amendment to the regulation making power contained in section 130 of the Act substituting "Appeals Board" for Police Review Commission.

Sections 18, 19 and 20 provide transitional arrangements flowing from the provisions in the Act and makes consequential nomenclature amendments to other Acts.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Public Prosecutions (Amendment) Act 1999

13.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 24 November 1999 by the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA with the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 25 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

13.2

The purposes of the amending Act are; to amend the Public Prosecutions Act 1994 (the Act) to remove restrictions on who may apply to a court for punishment of a person for contempt of court; to amend the Supreme Court Act 1986 to provide for the revival and restoration of the common law right of any person to apply to a court for punishment of a person for contempt of court; and to provide for the further independence of the Director of Public Prosecutions (the DPP) by amending the Constitution Act 1975 (the Constitution) to provide for the appointment of the DPP under the Constitution.

13.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on the day after Royal Assent.

Section 5 repeals sections 4 to 8 of the Act which dealt with the appointment, resignation, suspension and removal of the DPP. These provisions are now inserted as Part IIIA of the Constitution.

Section 7 repeals section 46 of the Act which provided that, subject to a number of exceptions set out in section 46(5), only the Attorney-General could apply to a court for punishment of a person for a contempt of court. Prior to the 1994 Act an application to a court for the punishment of a person for contempt of court could be brought by, the Attorney-General, the DPP, the court, or a person of sufficient standing (connection with the proceedings).

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

…Section 46 not only removed the right of the DPP to bring contempt proceedings, it also substantially reduced the common-law right of ordinary people to bring contempt proceedings. This aspect of section 46 was highlighted in 1995 when a group of Papua New Guinean villagers tried to bring contempt proceedings against BHP regarding its behaviour during a case brought by the villagers against BHP in the Supreme Court of Victoria.

The Supreme Court found that BHP had committed a contempt, but when the case was appealed to the Court of Appeal it was found that section 46 had removed the villagers’ right to bring the contempt proceedings at all.

Section 11 inserts a new Part IIIA into the Constitution Act 1975 consisting of new sections 87AA to 87AF providing for the appointment, terms and conditions, resignation, suspension and removal from office and pension of the DPP. The insertions mirror the provisions repealed pursuant to Section 5 above.

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The Act also strengthens the independence of the position of Director of Public Prosecutions by in effect transferring the provisions dealing with the appointment of the DPP and the terms and conditions of that appointment from the Public Prosecutions Act to the Constitution Act 1975. Section 10 of the Act entrenches those provisions in the Constitution Act so that in future they may only be repealed or amended by a Act passed by an absolute majority of members in each House of Parliament. The transitional provisions in the Act ensure that the present incumbent, Mr Geoff Flatman, QC, retains his position as DPP on the same terms and conditions.

Section 12 inserts a new section 61 into the Supreme Court Act 1986 the effect of which expressly revives the common law with regard to the right of any person to apply to a court for punishment of a person for contempt of court as in existence prior to the commencement of section 46 of the Act. The Section declares that the revival of the common law is despite anything to the contrary in the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984.18

The Committee notes the comments in the Second Reading Speech –

The Act before the house repeals section 46. In so doing, it expressly revives the common law with regard to the bringing of contempt proceedings that applied in Victoria before section 46 came into force on 1 July 1994.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Rail Corporation and Transport Acts (Miscellaneous Amendments) Act 1999

14.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Council on 30 November 1999 by the Honourable Candy Board MLC. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 1 December 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

14.2

The main purposes of this Act are; to provide for the abolition of certain statutory corporations established under the Rail Corporations Act 1996; and to amend the Transport Act 1983 (the Act) to enable certain employees in the Department of Infrastructure to be authorised to exercise a power to arrest, or remove from public transport property or vehicles, persons suspected of having offended against that Act or the regulations made under it.

14.3

Section 2 provides that Part 1 and section 13 come into operation on the day after Royal Assent, the remaining provisions come into operation on a day or days to be proclaimed but not later than by 1 January 2001.

Section 10 and 11 substitutes new sections 219(1A) and 220(1) into the Act to empower the Secretary of the Department of Infrastructure to authorise Departmental officers to exercise certain existing enforcement powers which are now exercised by Public Transport Corporation staff. For the purposes of these sections ‘relevant employee’ is defined as –

"relevant employee", in relation to the Department, means an employee in the Department employed under Part 3 of the Public Sector Management and Employment Act 1998 who--

(a) immediately before their employment under that Part, was an officer of the Public Transport Corporation; or

(b) is authorised in writing by the Secretary either generally or in a particular case for the purposes of this section.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Regional Infrastructure Development Fund Act 1999

15.1

The Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 10 November 1999 by the Honourable John Brumby MLA with the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 11 November 1999. The Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

15.2

The Act provides for the establishment of a fund to be called the Regional Infrastructure Development Fund in the Public Account as part of the Trust Fund.

15.3

Section 2 provides that sections 1 and 2 come into operation on the Royal Assent the remaining provisions come into operation on a day to be proclaimed but not later than 1 July 2000.

Section 3 defines ‘regional Victoria’.

Section 4 establishes in the Public Account as part of the Trust Fund an account to be known as the ‘Regional Infrastructure Development Fund’. There shall be paid into the Fund all money that is appropriated by Parliament for the purpose of the Fund and interest received from the investment of money in the Fund.

Section 5 deals with the application of the Fund as authorised by the Minister to provide financial assistance for or with respect to capital works relating to matters such as development of industries, transport, tourism and access to education. Section 5(2) provides that the Minister must not authorise the payment of any amount of $2,000,000 or more from the Fund except with the approval of the Treasurer.

The Schedule provides a list of the municipal districts and councils defined as ‘regional Victoria’ by Section 3.

The Committee makes no further comment.

 

Water (Waterway Management Tariffs) Act 1999

16.1

This amending Act was introduced into the Legislative Assembly on 24 November 1999 by the Honourable Steve Bracks MLA with the Honourable Rob Hulls MLA. The Second Reading Speech was delivered on 25 November 1999. The amending Act received Royal Assent on 21 December 1999.

16.2

This Act amends the Water Act 1989 (the Act) to remove the power of Catchment Management Authorities to set tariffs in respect of certain functions exercised by those Authorities under the Act, and to provide for transitional arrangements for fees previously imposed by those Authorities under those tariffs.

16.3

Section 2 the amendments come into operation on Royal Assent.

Section 3 amends section 144 of the Act limiting the powers of Authorities established under Part 10 to set fees under a tariff by narrowing the definition of serviced property.

Section 4 Insert a new section 260A in the Act limiting the power of certain Authorities to set tariffs.

Section 5 inserts a new section 330 in the Act providing transitional provisions for removal of power to set fees under tariffs. The section also provides for the repayment of fees already collected by the Authorities for the period commencing 1 July 1999 and ending 30 June 2000.

The Committee makes no further comment.

Committee Room
21 February, 2000

 


Footnotes
1

A Henry VIII clause is one that permits the amendment of the Act by means of regulations such that the actual content of legislation may be modified or expanded by means of subordinate legislation without the authority or scrutiny of the Parliament.

# Editors note – For the sake of clarity, where this Alert Digest reports on an amending Act the use of the word Section (underlined) denotes the section of the amending Act and the use of the word section (not underlined) refers to the principal Act.
3 The entrenchment provisions provide that an absolute majority of the whole number of each of the Houses of Parliament must approve any amendment to the Constitution Act 1975.
4 Sections 15, 16 and 16A respectively deal with reports by the Auditor-General, performance of audits of authorities and reports to Parliament on annual financial statements.
5 Defined by section 3 of the Audit Act 1994.
6 Section 24 provides that the Minister must, in respect of each financial year, cause a financial statement to be prepared in respect to departments and public bodies. The reports are laid before each House of the Parliament together with a copy of the Auditor-General’s report on the statement. Section 25 makes provision for the form and contents of such statements.
7 "inner adjacent area" for a State means the parts of the adjacent area for the State that are (a) on the landward side of the baseline for the State; and (b) on the seaward side, but within 12 nautical miles from, the baseline for the State.
8 A Henry VIII clause is one that permits the amendment of the Act by means of regulations such that the actual content of legislation may be modified or expanded by means of subordinate legislation without the authority or scrutiny of the Parliament.
9 Section 15 of the Interpretation of Legislation Act 1984 relevantly provides –
15. Effect of repeal etc. of amending Act
(1) Where an Act or a provision of an Act, being an Act or provision that directly amended another Act or a subordinate instrument (whether by the insertion of words or expressions in that Act or subordinate instrument or the substitution of other words or expressions for words or expressions in that Act or subordinate instrument)--
(a) is repealed; or
(b) expires, lapses or otherwise ceases to have effect--
the repeal, expiry, lapsing or ceasing to have effect of that Act or provision shall not, unless the contrary intention expressly appears, affect in any way the direct amendments made in the other Act or in the subordinate instrument or the operation or effect of those amendments.
(2) Sub-section (1) applies to a direct amendment made to a provision of an Act by another provision of that Act in the same manner as it applies to a direct amendment made to an Act by another Act.
10 A Henry VIII clause is one that permits the amendment of the Act by means of regulations such that the actual content of legislation may be modified or expanded by means of subordinate legislation without the authority or scrutiny of the Parliament.
11 (1999) 73 ALJR 839 (the High Court’s decision was handed down on 17 June 1999).
12 Part 3A was inserted by the Freedom of Information (Amendment) Act 1999 in May 1999. The Committee reported on that Act in Alert Digest No. 5 of 1999.
13 Part 1 of the Dental Practice Act 1999 commences on Royal Assent the remaining provisions including section 100 which repeals the Dentists Act 1972, commences operation on proclamation but not later than by 1 July 2000.
14 Sections 8AA and 118B(4).
15 Section 91F.
16 The Chief Commissioner may, by written order, dismiss a member of the force other than the Deputy Commissioner or Assistant Commissioner, if he or she is satisfied that the member is unsuitable to continue as member of the force having regard to the member’s integrity and the potential loss of community confidence in the force.
17 Consistent with the identical protection afforded police officers in New South Wales and in South Australia.
18 Section 14(2) provides –
Where an Act or a provision of an Act--
(a) is repealed or amended; or
(b) expires, lapses or otherwise ceases to have effect--
the repeal, amendment, expiry, lapsing or ceasing to have effect of that Act or provision shall not, unless the contrary intention expressly appears--
(c) revive anything not in force or existing at the time at which the repeal, amendment, expiry, lapsing or ceasing to have effect becomes operative;

Last update 29/2/2000
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